Energy Sector Can Slash 70% of Methane Emissions Using Existing Technology Says IEA

A recent report from the International Energy Agency (IEA) reveals that over two-thirds of annual methane emissions from the global energy sector could be slashed using technologies already on the table. Methane, with its potent warming effect far surpassing that of carbon dioxide in the short run, is seen by scientists as a critical target in the fight against near-term climate change.

In its Global Methane Tracker 2025 report, released on May 7, the IEA estimates that methane emissions from oil, gas, and coal production have surpassed 120 million tonnes annually. But here’s the kicker: about 70% of these emissions could be easily avoided. Simple, cost-effective solutions, such as replacing faulty compressor seals or installing vapour recovery units, could quickly pay for themselves by capturing gas that can be resold.

While the IEA notes a significant reduction in methane intensity—down by 10% since 2019—there’s still wide variation across nations and companies. The worst offenders emit up to 100 times more methane than the most efficient producers.

China, the world’s largest methane emitter, has its coal mines to thank for a significant chunk of its energy-sector methane. Meanwhile, Europe’s methane emissions largely stem from imported fossil fuels.

Although nearly 80% of global oil and gas production is covered by methane reduction pledges, the reality is stark: only about 5% of these pledges meet the near-zero emissions standards needed to make a real impact.

If methane mitigation efforts were adopted globally, the IEA estimates that the world could prevent a 0.1°C rise in global temperatures by 2050. That’s equivalent to erasing all current emissions from heavy industry—an impressive potential outcome.

However, the absence of binding international methane regulations remains a significant roadblock. While many countries have voluntarily pledged to cut methane emissions by 30% by 2030, the lack of enforceable rules leaves much to be desired.

The report also draws attention to the disturbing rise in methane leaks from oil and gas infrastructure, reaching an all-time high in 2024 despite more advanced satellite monitoring and improved data tracking.

Abandoned oil wells and coal mines alone contributed around 8 million tonnes of methane that year. If these sites were considered a single source, they would rank as the fourth-largest emitter of fossil methane.

The IEA estimates that 100 billion cubic metres of natural gas, equivalent to Norway’s total annual exports, could have been recovered in 2024 if all known leaks had been addressed. Another 150 billion cubic metres are flared each year, much of which could easily be avoided.

IEA’s executive director Fatih Birol said: “Tackling methane leaks and flaring offers a double dividend: it alleviates pressure on tight gas markets in many parts of the world, enhancing energy security and lowering emissions at the same time.

“However, the latest data indicates that implementation on methane has continued to fall short of ambitions.

“The IEA is working to ensure that governments and industry have the tools and knowledge they need to deliver on pledges and achieve the goals they have set.”